• Integration of energy storage: Energy storage devices can be used to alleviate the intermittent nature of wind energy generation. Consistent power production and backup power during outages can be achieved by looking into the usage of various storage devices, such as batteries, pumped hydro storage, and compressed air energy storage. 

 

• Development of a hydrogen infrastructure: To fully transition to a renewable energy system that employs hydrogen, an infrastructure for its production, storage, and transportation must be established. Future efforts might concentrate on building a cost-effective, optimised infrastructure that can accommodate the growing demand for hydrogen. 

 

• Technological developments: As with any sector, offshore wind energy and hydrogen generation are fields that are continually advancing. Future research can concentrate on investigating cutting-edge ideas and technologies that can raise system performance overall while lowering costs and increasing efficiency. 

 

• Environmental impact assessment: Although hydrogen generation and offshore wind power are thought to be environmentally favourable, it is crucial to carry out an assessment of the potential ecological implications of such a significant change. Future work can concentrate on assessing the project's environmental impact and coming up with ways to lessen any negative impacts. 

 

• Economic viability: Using offshore wind and hydrogen will require large investments in order to switch to a 100% renewable energy grid. Future work can concentrate on assessing the project's economic viability, including the cost of infrastructure, equipment, and maintenance as well as the possible revenue streams from the sale of extra energy and hydrogen. Investigating the social and economic effects of switching to entirely renewable energy sources for offshore wind farms, taking into account potential hurdles and development opportunities as well as new job opportunities and economic benefits. This knowledge can assist in informing policy choices and facilitating a smooth transition to a low-carbon, sustainable energy system. 

 

• Determining the effects of different wind and wave conditions on offshore wind turbines and the corresponding maintenance needs. The design and positioning of turbines can be improved with the help of this knowledge, and it can also be used to create more effective maintenance plans that take into consideration the particular environmental circumstances of offshore locales. 

 

• Examining the use of hydrogen substitutes for transportation and energy storage, such as ammonia and methanol These fuels have the potential to be more affordable and accessible than hydrogen, making them an appealing alternative for uses that need for high energy density, including long-distance travel. As an alternative fuel, hydrogen has been the focus of our research; however, ammonia and methanol are also viable alternatives. These fuels can also be made from offshore wind, and they each have their own benefits and drawbacks in terms of end-use applications, storage, and transportation. to contrast green hydrogen's economic and environmental effects with those of other alternative fuels, such as methanol and ammonia, which are also being evaluated for use in offshore wind applications. 

 

• It is important to look into alternative solutions for hydrogen export infrastructure, such as trucks, ships, and floating storage units. These choices might provide greater adaptability and accessibility for various markets and locales. 

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• To investigate whether it is feasible and economical to produce hydrogen offshore using extra wind energy and to ship or pipeline it back to shore as some studies have recommended. 

 

• To look into the best layout and positioning for offshore wind farms and electrolysers for producing hydrogen, taking into account variables including wind direction, ocean depth, distance from the shore, grid connection, and safety concerns.